Friday, January 19, 2007

Kalidasa wrote seven works. 'Kumarasambhava' and 'Raghuvamsha'are his two epic poems. 'Malavikagnimitra', 'Vikramorvashiya' and 'Abhijnana Shakuntala' are his celebrated plays. 'Meghaduta' and 'Ritusamhara' are also poetical works of great distinction.

Kumarasambhava'One of Kalidasa's greatest works is 'Kumarasambhava'. Critics maintain that Kalidasa wrote only the first eight chapters of the epic poem. The work describes the marriage of Lord Shiva and his consort Parvati.

Kalidasa's second epic is 'Raghuvamsha'. There are nineteen chapters ('sargas') in this poem. The epic describes the history of the kings Dileepa, Raghu, Aja, Dasharatha, Sri Rama, Lava and Kusha. It also deals briefly with the twenty kings from Nala up to Agnivarna.In thebeginning, the poet extols the fine qualities of the kings of Raghu dynasty.The dynasty is a noble one. Those belonging to it have their early education at the right time from distinguished teachers. They are married at the right age and rule justly adhering to 'Dharma' (law of righteousness). As they grew old, they renounced the kingdom in favor of the younger incumbents and led a life of saintly renunciation and ultimately renounced the mortal life by way of 'yoga'. They earned wealth so that they would offer it to the worthy who are in need. They liked to conquer a kingdom for the thrill of success. Culprits were punished. Those kings were ever vigilant, generally un daunted and strove their best to achieve their goal.

'Shakuntala' the Masterpiece'Malavikagnimitra' is Kalidasa's first play. The author shows his humility and is uncertain whether people would accepts play. He pleads 'Puranamityeva Na sadhu sarvam,Na chapikavyamnavamityavadyam' (Everything old is not good, nor is every thing knew badly). There may be some thing, which may not be of much use in the old, and the new may also be good. The theme of the play is the love-story of Agnimitra and Malavika.
Kalidasa's second play 'Vikramor -vashiya' is about the loves and tribulations of king Pururava and the heavenly damsel 'Urvashi'.'Abhijnana Shakuntala' is Kalidasa's greatest creation. This literary masterpiece has been translated into several languages around the world.

Kubera the God of Wealth in the Hindu mythology, has exiled one of his Yakshas to a far away place in Ramagiri, present day Ramtek near Nagpur in Central India. Separated from his Love, assumed to be his wife, the lovelorn Yaksha wants the cloud to help him send her a message. Thus a cloud becomes the main character in Kalidas’s Meghdoot.

Kalidasa's first surviving play, Malavikagnimitra or Malavika and Agnimitra tells the story of King Agnimitra, a ruler who falls in love with the picture of an exiled servant girl named Malavika. When the queen discovers her husbands passion for this girl, she becomes infuriated and has Malavika imprisoned, but as fate would have it, Malavika is in fact a true-born princess, thus legitimizing the affair.
In Kalidasa's creations, we enter the world of people pure in mind and body and who are graceful. We learn here the manner in which man's nature can reach high, moral levels. It pleases us deeply to come into contact withcharacters like Parvati, Dileepa, Raghu, Aja, Shakuntala, Dushyanta and Kanva. It is for this wonderful experience that we as well as people in other countries read Kalidasa.

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